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Objectives: To verify whether an anodic transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) session on the primary motor cortex or left temporal cortex, during treadmill gait training (TGT), promotes effects on the functional mobility and functional capacity in children with spastic diparetic CP. Method: This clinical trial included 17 children with spastic diparetic CP of a mean age of 9 years. The participants performed three types of intervention (primary motor cortex tDCS; left temporal cortex tDCS and placebo tDCS – associated with TGT) in a randomized and blinded manner. The children performed the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) before each intervention, immediately after, and 20 minutes after each intervention. Results: The treadmill gait training (TGT) associated with anodic tDCS of the left temporal cortex resulted in a better performance of the participants in terms of cadence, heart rate, respiratory rate, perception of respiratory and physical effort. Gait training associated with tDCS of the primary motor cortex resulted in a performance similar to that observed with the stimulation of the temporal cortex in the distance covered and gait speed during the execution of the 6MWT, with performances superior to that observed after the placebo stimulation. Conclusion: Anodic tDCS on the left temporal cortex, during a TGT session, can be considered a promising tool for spastic diparetic CP children, providing satisfactory effects on the functional capacity parameters. Anodic tDCS in the primary motor cortex or left temporal cortex associated with TGT has greater effects than placebo tDCS for the functional mobility and functional capacity of this population.
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