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INTRODUCTION: The abrupt spread and severe progression of the respiratory disease caused by COVID-19, associated with the acute respiratory distress syndrome, among its complications, may require some form of respiratory and nutritional support, including endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, and enteral nutrition through nasogastric tube and/or gastrostomy tube, increasing the risk of dysphagia, laryngotracheal aspiration and aspiration pneumonia. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the prevalence of dysphagia in patients with COVID-19, as well as its clinical manifestations in the dynamics of swallowing. METHODS: A Systematic Review with meta-analysis was performed, data were extracted from PubMed/PMC, PubMed/Medline, LILACS, CINAHL, PeDRO, EMBASE, SCOPUS and gray literature databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to guide the reporting of the present review. RESULTS: We found 624 articles, of which 13 were included in the systematic review (11 cohort studies, 2 cross-sectional studies). Most studies (7/13) were judged as at low risk of bias. Dysphagia was predominantly evaluated by the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). The meta-analysis of 13 studies indicated a prevalence of dysphagia of 38% (95% CI, 22% to 58%), with I² = 92%. CONCLUSION: The available literature indicates that the prevalence of dysphagia in patients with COVID-19 is highly variable, according to the diagnostic method and clinical characteristics of the participants. Studies with more appropriate sampling methods are necessary for better prevalence estimation, as well as clinical factors associated with dysphagia.
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